Notes

If any of you took notes, please post them here. Thank you.

Lee Dan's notes:
Singapore has the highest rate of deforestation and species loss in the region.

//**Types of heritage**//
Historical Heritage include: Natural Heritage include: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve has the largest surviving primary rain forest. Central Catchment Nature Reserve has a mature secondary rain forest and the only protected freshwater swamp. Sungei Buloh Nature Reserve has a tropical mangrove. When an animal is said to be aboreal, it means that it thrives only in trees. Colugo-Flying Lemur of Southeast Asia
 * =====historical heritage=====
 * =====natural heritage=====
 * Fort Canning
 * Kranji Reservior Park
 * Kent Ridge Park
 * Dairy Farm Nature Park
 * Sungei Buloh Nature Reserve
 * Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
 * Central Catchment Nature Reserve
 * Labrador Nature Reserve
 * //Types of Wetland Habitats//**
 * =====Brackish=====
 * =====Freshwater=====
 * =====Marine=====

//**Roles of the Nature Reserve**//
//**Sungei Buloh Nature Reserve**// Is the 1st ASEAN heritage park Is a shorebird rest area/shorebird haven Is a flagship park
 * for research
 * and education

Dara's Notes: Sungei Buloh was officially opened on 6 December 1993 as a nature park. Apart from it, there are 3 nature reserves in Singapore. They are namely the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve,Central Catchment and Labrador Nature Reserves. These reserves are nature areas that are protected by law, in the conservation of native/ indegineious flora and fauna. They are important in the aspects of conservation, education, research and recreation.
 * // About Singapore’s Natural Heritage //**


 * // Things We Saw in Sungei Buloh Nature Reserve //**

__ Mudskippers __ A mudskipper is an aquatic animal. There are 3 different sizes of mudskippers, and they each have a name for themselves. The small mudskippers are called Dusky. The medium mudskippers are Blue-Spotted mudskippers. The large mudskippers are Giant mudskippers.

Mudskippers are fascinating because they are fish and yet are able to survive out of the water for longperiods of time. How do they do this?

=Since Mudskippers are fish, they have gills. Once out of the water, their gills begin to dry out and stick together, so mudskippers have a special cavity behind their earswhere sea water is stored. As they rotate their eyes, pressure is applied tothat cavity and this reoxygenates the stored water, lubricates the gill flaps and restores the gills to their normal function. =

[]

__ SeaHollies and Sea Derris __ Sea Hollies are plants with leaves that look like the Christmas hollies that they are named after. We also saw a plant called the Sea Derris. It is a type of creeper.

__ Blind Your Eye __ The milky sap of this tree can cause temporary blindness if it enters the eyes, therefore it is called “Blind Your Eye”. The sap can also cause skin blisters and irritation.

[]

__ Flying Dragon __ We saw a Flying Dragon,otherwise known as a Gliding Lizard. It looks very much like a lizard.

__ Tree Climbing Crabs __ We also saw many Tree Climbing Crabs. These crabs climb trees. Surprisingly, they can eat eggs just like human beings!

__ Huff Beak __ We saw an animal known asthe Huff Beak. It has orange spots on its nose. Its lower jaw is elongatedwhile its upper jaw is very small. That is why it is called a Huff Beak. __ Oriole and Egret __ We saw 2 types of interesting birds. One was the Oriole, which is a yellow bird. The other was the Egret, which is a big, white bird. We learnt that if an Egret has a yellow beak, it is a Grey Egret, but, if it has a black beak, it is likely to be a Small Egret.

The thing that was most interesting amongst all the facts we learnt was the distinguishing method oftelling a monitor lizard and a crocodile apart at a glance. There are 2 differences between them. The first is that a crocodile has a bigger snout. But, the more obvious distinguishing factor is that a monitor lizard often uses its tongue while the crocodile does not.
 * // Other Things We Learnt //**

End of Dara's Notes
Teng-ya's Notes:

Goals of NParks: - Greening a city in a garden - Conserving an Urban bio-diversity Biodiversity means flora and fauna.

Types of heritages: -Historical Heritage - People and Nature -Natural Heritage

Historical Heritages: - Labrador Nature Reserve -Fort Canning - Bukit Timah Nature Reserve - Kranji Reservoir Park -Kent Ridge Park - Dairy Farm Nature Park

People and Nature: -Gardens by the Bay -Hort Park

Natural Heritage: -Central Catchement Nature Reserve - Bukit Timah Nature Reserve - Labrador Park - Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Nature Reserve- an area protected by law

Four nature reserves in Singapore: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve: largest surviving primary rain forest Central Catchment Nature Reserve: mature secondary rain forests and only protected freshwater swamps Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve: tropical mangroves Labrador Nature Reserve: coastal forest, rocky shores

Primary rain forest: forest that has never been cleared for human use Secondary rain forest: forest that has been cleared for human use and has slowly restored into a true forest Coastal forest: forest found on cliffs and/ or near beaches/ shores Managed areas, eg. parks, gardens

Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve: Singapore's largest mainland Mangrove Forest Uses of the Mangrove Forest: - Provision of food and water - Protection against water disasters - Water Quality - Scientific discoveries

What we saw in SBWR: - Flying dragons (x2) or Gliding Lizards. It is called gliding lizards as it can glide in the air and it looks like lizards. - Plenty of crabs. Some were at the tree's roots, some on the tree's root and some on the river. - Nipah Palm It is a fruit and Atap seeds come from them. -Nest of the Weaverant - Egret We learnt that if it has a yellow beak, it is a grey egriet. If it has a black beak, it is a little egret. I think only Constance and I saw it. -Oriole It was a bird white in colour and a bit of noise will scare it away. (I noticed that, it wasn't what the guide or whoever he is said.) - Many fish

All in all, I think Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve is a nice and peaceful place, very suitable for nature lovers and certainly the place to come to relax or relieve stress!

~End of Teng-ya's notes~

﻿ ﻿Claudia's Notes:

Notes from powerpoint:

Singapore has the highest rate of deforestation & loss of species. Singapore has an index named after Singapore called 'The Singapore Index'. It measures the bio-diversity in Singapore.

There are 4 nature reserves in Singapore.
 * Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
 * Labrador Nature Reserve
 * Central Catchment Nature Reserve
 * Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve

Roles/Benefits of Forests
 * Conservation
 * Research
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Education
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Recreation
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Outdoor Classrooms
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Study & Research

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve is a rest stop for shorebirds migrating.

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Mangroves <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Nusery for fish <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Note: I'm not very sure what that means (the 2 lines above)

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Notes from Photographs:

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Question: What is a nature reserve? <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Answer: A nature area, protected by law, in the conservation of native/indigenous flora and fauna residing in it.

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Natural Habitats of Singapore
 * **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Bukit Timah Nature Reserve -- **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">largest surviving primary rain forest
 * **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Central Catchment Nature Reserve -- **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">mature secondary rain forests and only protected freshwater swamp
 * **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve -- **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">tropical mangroves
 * **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Labrador Nature Reserve -- **<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;"> coastal forest, rocky shores

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Terrestrial Habitats
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Primary rain forest** -- forest that has never been cleared for human use
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Secondary rain forest** -- forest that has been cleared for human use and has slowly restored into a true forest
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Coastal forest** -- forest found on cliffs and/or near beaches/shores
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Managed areas**, e.g. parks, gardens etc.

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Wetland Habitats
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Mangrove -- Brackish
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Freshwater
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Marine

<span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Importance of Mangroves <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">- Provision of Food & Shelter <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">- Protection against water disasters <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">- Water Quality <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">- Scientific discoveries <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">~End~
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">SBWR - Singapore's largest mainland Mangrove Forest
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Conservation of Singapore's Natural Heritage
 * <span style="color: #e24ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Uses of the Mangrove Forest